x' is the complex transpose of x.
If x is a real scalar, then x' is the same as x.
If x is a complex scalar, then x' is the complex conjugate of x.
If
x is an
matrix of numbers, then
x' is the complex transpose of x, i.e., an
matrix whose element on row i and column
j is the conjugate of the element of x on row j and column i.
>> A = [1, 2; -3, 5]
1 2
-3 5
>> A'
1 -3
2 5
>> v = [1, -5, 3, 2]
1 -5 3 2
>> v'
1
-5
3
2
>> U = [2, 3; 2-i, 5-3i]
2+0i 3+0i
2-1i 5-3i
>> U'
2-0i 2+1i
3-0i 5+3i
oz
2009-12-22